What Is an Abnormally Low Tender in Public Procurement In Turkish Law?
In public procurement procedures, an abnormally low tender refers to a bid price that is unusually low compared…
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What Is the Offence of Forgery of an Official Document In Turkish Law?
Forgery of an official document is an offence regulated under Article 204 of the Turkish Penal Code within…
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What Is a Right of Way in turkish law?
In Türkiye, a right of way is an easement established to provide access across one or more neighboring…
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What Is De Facto Expropriation (Unlawful Taking Without Expropriation) In Turkish Law?
De facto expropriation refers to an administrative authority’s actual or legal interference with a property owner’s rights without…
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What Is an Investment Incentive Certificate? (2026)
Before launching a large-scale investment in Türkiye, one of the most critical questions is: “Is this investment eligible…
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What Is a Special Irregularity Penalty in turkish law? (2026)
Special irregularity penalties typically arise not from a direct “tax loss” (tax loss penalty) like tax loss ,…
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What Are the CE Marking and ISO Certification and How Are They Obtained?
In this article, we address what the CE marking is and how it is obtained, what ISO certification…
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How to Establish a Sole Proprietorship in Turkish Law? 2026 Updated Guide to Setting Up a Sole Proprietorship
One of the most frequently researched topics by entrepreneurs who want to start quickly is: “How do I…
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What Should You Do If You Receive a Tax Loss Penalty in turkish law?
A tax loss penalty is a type of tax sanction that can significantly undermine the financial stability of…
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The Contractor’s Rights in Construction-in-Exchange-for-Land-Share Agreements
Construction-in-exchange-for-land-share agreements offer significant opportunities for contractor (developer) companies, but they also entail substantial legal risks. Once the…
